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Which of the following is most likely to lead to unethical behavior in a business setting?


A) A strong sense of personal ethics exhibited by employees
B) Home-country managers working abroad in multinational firms away from their ordinary social context and supporting culture
C) Providing managers with a moral compass or an ethical algorithm
D) Large business corporations making social investments in host countries
E) Multinational corporations advocating the concept of noblesse oblige

F) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

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The utilitarian philosophy for business ethics primarily focuses on:


A) applying home-country standards of ethics in foreign countries.
B) adopting the ethics of the culture in which a business operates.
C) maximizing business profits by increasing employee productivity.
D) ensuring justified treatment of any minority.
E) weighing the benefits, costs, and risks associated with a course of action.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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The veil of ignorance,a conceptual device designed by John Rawls,supports:


A) impartiality in justice.
B) oppression of people by totalitarian governments.
C) economic suppression of people.
D) apartheid laws.
E) cultural relativism.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

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Compare and contrast cultural relativism and righteous moralism.

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Straw men approaches to business ethics ...

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Ethics officers act as an internal ombudsperson with responsibility for handling confidential inquiries from employees.

A) True
B) False

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Facilitating payments are payments to secure contracts that would not otherwise be secured.

A) True
B) False

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According to _____,all economic goods and services should be distributed equally except when an unequal distribution would work to everyone's advantage.


A) John Rawls
B) Leon Sullivan
C) Garrett Hardin
D) Milton Friedman
E) Carol Gilligan

F) A) and D)
G) None of the above

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To strengthen the moral courage of employees,companies should not retaliate against those employees who complain about unethical actions.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following philosophies of ethics holds that people should be treated as ends and never purely as means to the ends of others?


A) Kantian ethics
B) The Friedman doctrine
C) Cultural relativism
D) Righteous moralism
E) Naive Immoralism

F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

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The CEO of Gold Chip Software engages in corruption and uses his power in the company to enrich himself and his family members.Consequently,his employees too engage in the same behavior.In this case,the roots of unethical behavior can be traced to:


A) unrealistic performance expectations.
B) organizational leadership.
C) noblesse oblige and social responsibility.
D) varying ethical standards in different cultures.
E) geographical distance between employees and the parent company.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

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According to the theory of rights:


A) firms can pursue actions that violate fundamental rights in order to maximize profits.
B) collective good forms the basis for the moral compass that managers should use when making ethical decisions.
C) fundamental human rights and privileges transcend national boundaries and cultures.
D) people should be treated as means and never purely as ends.
E) firms that fail to maximize stockholders' wealth violate fundamental rights and privileges.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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The power of a multinational corporation is constrained not only by laws and regulations,but also by the discipline of the market and the competitive process.

A) True
B) False

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Moral agents primarily focus on:


A) maximizing stockholders' wealth.
B) facilitating the achievement of collective goals.
C) providing benefits or services that secure the rights of others.
D) maximizing business profits.
E) spreading communism across the globe.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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Which of the following terms means standing in the shoes of a stakeholder and asking how a proposed decision might impact that stakeholder?


A) Corporate espionage
B) Ethical dilemma
C) Cultural relativism
D) Moral imagination
E) Moral courage

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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A situation in which none of the available alternatives seems morally acceptable constitutes a(n) :


A) role conflict.
B) tragedy of the commons.
C) cognitive dissonance.
D) ethical dilemma.
E) emotional contagion.

F) B) and C)
G) C) and E)

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John Rawls argues that all economic goods and services should be distributed equally except when an unequal distribution would work to everyone's advantage.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following is the last step in ethical decision-making?


A) Judging the ethics of the proposed decision
B) Establishing moral intent
C) Auditing of decisions
D) Engaging in ethical behavior
E) Identifying the stakeholders a decision would affect

F) D) and E)
G) A) and C)

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Which of the following practices should be avoided by a company to ensure ethical decision-making?


A) Auditing past decisions made in the company
B) Protecting the fundamental rights of stakeholders
C) Taking care of the interests of external stakeholders
D) Placing its economic interests before its moral principles
E) Adopting the moral principles specified in the code of ethics of the company

F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

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Unipeg Corporation has uniform high sales targets for its employees all across the globe,regardless of the environmental constraints in each market.Employees are penalized for any shortfall.This has caused many employees to falsify the values of their sales.In this context,the roots of unethical behavior can be traced to:


A) unrealistic performance expectations.
B) cultural differences of countries.
C) strong personal ethics among employees.
D) varying ethical standards in different nations.
E) national differences in factors of production.

F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

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Which of the following terms,developed Rawls,indicates that inequalities are justified if they benefit the position of the least-advantaged members of society?


A) Difference principle
B) The tragedy of the global commons
C) The theory of private equity
D) Unity of command
E) Laws of equivalent trade

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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